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HISTORY YEAR 6 EXAM

Duration – 1 hour and 30 minutes

Each correct answer is worth 1 mark out of a total of 100, unless stated otherwise.

SECTION 1 – WORLD WAR 1 (50 marks)

1. Three of the main leaders of WW1, King George V, Tsar Nicholas II and Kaiser Wilhelm were all cousins.

What game did they use to play together as children? Tick the correct answer.

a. Football Golf

b. Trench Warfare
c. Monopoly
d. Cowboys and Indians

2. Why did Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany suffer from an inferiority complex, a lack of confidence, and why is this now seen as one of the causes of the First World War? (2 marks)

__________________________________________________________________________________
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3. As Germany started to build up their navy and army, an arms race developed in Europe.

What is an arms race? (2 marks)

4. What was the name of the Serbian nationalists who assassinated the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire?

Tick the correct answer.

a. The Black Fingers

b. The Black Bands
c. The White Toes
d. The Black Hands

5. Who was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne and why did the Serbian nationalists want to kill him? (2 marks)

6. What was the name of the French Socialist Leader who tried to stop the war?

What was his plan?

Why was he unable to implement this plan? (2 marks)

a. Name ______________________________________________________
b. Plan _______________________________________________________
c. Why the plan never happened ___________________________________
___________________________________________________________

7. Place the following countries and empires in the correct boxes – (3 marks)

Britain France Germany Russia Austro-Hungarian Empire

Serbia Bulgaria Italy Ottoman Empire USA

8. What brought Britain into the war? (2 marks)

9. The British newspapers did everything they could to make Germany seem as evil as possible.

What is the name for this type of exaggerated news? Tick the correct answer.

a. Proper slander
b. Proopy Panda

c. Propane
d. Propaganda

10. Describe what life was like in the trenches during the First World War. (3 marks)

11. Which of the following battles took place during the First World War.

Tick the correct answers.

Battle of the Somme
Battle of Gettysburg
Battle of Aegospotami
Battle of Ypres
Battle of Antartica

12. Almost every single battle of the First World War followed the same pattern.

Describe a typical WW1 battle. (3 marks)

13. Why do you think so many WW1 battles were fought in this way?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. Which general refused to follow this pattern and said he would to do it “my way!”

Tick the correct answer.

a. General Frank Sinatra
b. General Elvis Presley

c. General Douglas Haig
d. General John Pershing
e. General Paul Von Hindenburg

15. By 1917 many people throughout Europe had grown weary of the war. This led to a number of protests, mutinies and even a revolution.

In Britain two poets summed up people’s growing feelings about the war. What were there names?

_____________________________

______________________________

16. One of these poets, nicknamed ‘Mad Jack’, wrote a famous letter in which he wrote –

‘I can no longer be a party to prolong these sufferings for ends which I believe to be evil and unjust.’

a. To whom did he send this letter? ________________________________________

b. What was the reaction of the Government? ________________________________

c. What punishment was he given? ________________________________________
(3 marks)

17. Briefly describe what caused the French mutiny of 1917 and how it was resolved. (2 marks)

18. Why was the Tsarina Alexandra of Russia obsessed with a Russian monk called Rasputin?

Tick the correct answer.

a. Because he said he could cure her sick son

b. Because he said he could cure her sick sun flower
c. Because he said he could win the war through magical powers
d. Because he had hypnotic eyes

19. After the Tsar and his family were arrested, the Provisional Government took power in Russia. The Provisional Government immediately made a number of important changes, including allowing free speech for the first time in Russia. However despite all the positive changes what did they decide to carry on?

_____________________________________________________________________

20. How and why did the Bolshevik leader, Lenin, return to Russia from exile?
(2 marks)

21. Lenin and the Bolsheviks made a simple promise of 3 things to the Russian people.

What were they? (2 marks)

___________________
___________________

___________________

22. When the Bolsheviks seized power in the October Revolution they decided to withdraw from the war.

a. What was the response of the Germans?

b. In the eventual Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, what did Russia have to give up? (2 marks)

23. By 1918 Kaiser Wilhelm had completely lost touch with the realities of life In Germany.

Who were the two ‘real’ leaders of Germany at this point?

________________________________________________________________

24. How was the United States of America profiting from the war?

_____________________________________________________________________

25. How did the Americans initially view the First World War?

Tick the correct answer.

a. As a jolly exciting adventure
b. As Europe’s Communist Revolution

c. As the end of Europe’s empires
d. As Europe’s civil war

26. What made the Americans finally decide to join the war and help the Allies? (2 marks)

27. What two events caused the Germans to surrender?

________________________________________________________

28. What was the exact time and date of the ceasefire at the end of the War?

_____________________________________________________________________

29. On the 28th June 1919, the Treaty of Versailles was signed, marking the end of the war.

Name four of the terms stated in this treaty.

1.___________________________________________________________________

2.___________________________________________________________________
3.___________________________________________________________________
4.___________________________________________________________________

30. Why was the Treaty of Versailles signed in a railway carriage in the Forest of Compiegne?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

31. Although the terms of the Treaty were very harsh to the Germans, some people felt that they needed to be even harsher.

What did the French general, Ferdinand Foch accurately predict the Treaty would become?

Tick the correct answer.

a. A 20-year revolution

b. A 20-year armistice
c. A 25-year armistice
d. A 25-year revolution

32. Name four major empires that collapsed at the end of the First World War. (2 marks)

1.___________________________________________________________________

33. Which of the following countries were created after the First World War.

Adobe ImageReady

World Map 1914

Circle the correct countries. (2 marks)

Yugoslavia France Switzerland Turkey Finland Sweden

Mexico Czechoslovakia Belgium Scotland Peru New Zealand

34. Immediately after the War a terrible disease struck the whole world killing millions more people than the war itself.

What was the name given to this disease?

Tick the correct answer.

a. Swedish Flu

b. French Foot and Mouth
c. Italian Itch

d. Spanish Flu

SECTION 2 – EARLY HUMANS (6 marks)

AppleMark 35. The table below shows the estimated dates that the different types of early humans existed.

Complete the table. The first one has been done for you. (2 marks)

Estimated Dates	Early Human Ape Species
4 – 5 million years ago	Australopithecus
2 – 4 million years ago
200,000 – 2 million years ago
120,000 – 40,000 years ago
200,000 – present day

36. Other than the development of the brain, the development of the thumb is regarded as one of the most important factors in the extraordinary evolution of humans.

Why was the development of the thumb so important to human evolution? (2 marks)

37. What was the name of the first species of human ape to enter Europe?

Why was this species able to travel out of Africa?

Name ___________________________________

Reason ______________________________________________________________

38. What was the name of the first species of human ape to wear clothes and make ornaments?

Name ____________________________________

SECTION 3 – MESOPOTAMIA (5 marks)

39. The first human civilisation in history occurred in Mesopotamia, in the area that is now called Iraq. With people living in a city, rather than small villages, there was a sudden outburst of very important, new inventions.

Why do you think living in cities created excellent conditions for new inventions? Give at least two separate reasons. (2 marks)

40. Which of the following inventions were made in Mesopotamia?

Circle the correct answers. (2 marks)

The Wheel The Steam Engine The Skateboard Crop Rotation Farming

The Combine Harvester The Computer Sign Language The Written Word

41. The Mesopotamians were also famous for their amazing temples.

Below is a picture of one of these temples.

What were these buildings called? ________________________________________

SECTION 4 – THE CELTS (4 marks)

42. The first great civilisation to develop in Europe was the Celts, from about 750 BC. Made up of lots of tribes across the continent they did not have an overall leader, but instead had chieftains who ruled over each tribe. Each tribe had a distinct hierarchy with the King and Queen at the top and slaves at the very bottom.

Using the table below fill in the missing groups. (3 marks)

Kings and Queens

43. Although the Celts were famous as fearless warriors and great fighters, they were eventually defeated by a highly organised and well-equipped army. This army belonged to an ever growing and powerful new Empire.

What was the name of this Empire?

____________________________

SECTION 5 – THE ANCIENT GREEKS (5 marks)

44. The ancient Greeks of Athens were the first civilisation to introduce democracy in human history. From 600 BC to 400 BC Athens was run as an oligarchy, a democracy, an oligarchy again, a democracy again and finally back to an oligarchy.

What is an oligarchy?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is a democracy?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

File written by Adobe Photoshop® 4.0
45. The Ancient Greeks were also famous for their Gods and Goddesses, whom they believed lived up on Mount Olympus.

Each God or Goddess had their own particular power, skill and the Greek peoples would pray to whatever God they needed at the time.

For example if you needed good fortune in battle you would pray to the God Ares, as he was the God of War.

Fill in the missing parts of the table below. The first one has been done for you. (3 marks)

Gods / Goddesses	Power / Skill / Domain
Ares	War
Aphrodite
	Music
Athena
	Marriage and Childbirth
Poseidon

SECTION 6 – THE ENLIGHTENMENT (10 marks)

46. After all the religious wars of the Middle Ages, by the 17th century, people throughout Europe began to dream of a different kind of world.

This marks a new period in European history, known as the Age of Enlightenment.

The Enlightenment thinkers wanted to replace the old ideas of the Middle Ages with new ideas, which they believed would improve the lives of everyone.

Below is a list of the new ideas of the Enlightenment against the old ideas of the Middle Ages.

Circle the words, which you think represent the ideals of the Enlightenment and cross through the words, which you think represent the ideals of the Middle Ages.
(4 marks)

Reason v. Faith

Progress v. Tradition

Superstition v. Knowledge

Tyranny v. Democracy

Rights of All v. Absolute Rights of Monarchy

State controlled by Church v. State controlled by the People

Independent Nations v. Empires

Feudal System v. Capitalism

Equality v. Hierarchy

Scientific Discovery v. Religious Beliefs

47. One of the first great ‘battles’ between the old ideas of the Middle Ages and the new ideas of the Enlightenment took place in the first half of the 17th century. The great scientist and astronomer, Galileo, with his new, self-invented telescope, made an extraordinary discovery.

a. What was his discovery?

b. Why was this discovery controversial?

c. How did the Church react?

d. How was Galileo punished?

(4 marks)

a. _______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

b. ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
c. _______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

48. Despite this defeat, the ideas of the Enlightenment grew and grew in strength. By the end of the 18th century, some of the ideas of the Enlightenment were being applied to new governments.

Can you name two revolutions towards the end of the 18th century, whose ideas were directly inspired by the Enlightenment?

_______________________________
_______________________________

49. Both revolutions were successful, at least initially. Both passed laws protecting people’s rights.

What were the names of these two laws? Tick the two correct answers.

Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
Declaration of Independence
Bill of Rights
Civil Rights Act

SECTION 7 – THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (7 marks)

File written by Adobe Photoshop® 4.0

50. Enlightenment ideas not only inspired massive political change. The belief in Science and Capitalism became all-powerful, creating the most life changing revolution of them all – the Industrial Revolution (approximately 1750 – 1850).

The Industrial Revolution is a great age of invention. The inventions of Science, paid for by Capitalism, transformed the economy, our everyday lives and the environment.

Can you name four of the main inventions of the Industrial Revolution? (2 marks)

____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________

51. The Industrial Revolution and most of its inventions were essentially powered by one major power source.

Where did this source of power come from?

Tick the correct answer.

Electricity
Steam
Nuclear Energy
Watermills

52. With the new machines and better transport, factories were able to mass produce products at a speed and rate unseen in human history. Factory owners became extremely wealthy. However the factory workers lived and worked in terrible conditions.

In the box below briefly describe what working conditions were like for most people.
(3 marks)

53. What was the name of the organisation whose job it was to protect the rights of workers and whom eventually, after many battles with the employers began to improve working conditions?

Tick the correct answer.

Civil Service
The Government
The Police
Trade Union

SECTION 7 – GENERAL HISTORY (13 marks)

54. At the beginning of the 13th century, England was ruled by King John. As King he had absolute power. He was generally a cruel and ineffectual king. In 1214 King John was demanding more money, through taxes, from the English barons.

Why did he want more money?

____________________________________________________________________

55. The barons refused to give King John any more money. After negotiations an agreement was reached and a famous historical document was signed.

What was the name of this document?

_______________________________

56. Although King John soon after declared the agreement invalid, the document he had signed has been since reinstated, securing the rights of ordinary people.

What rights did the document ensure for everyone?

Tick the correct two answers.

The right to work in a safe environment
The right to affordable and fair justice
The right to food and shelter
The right to trial by ‘jury’
The right to be free from slavery
The right to free healthcare

57. Between 1440 and 1880, 12 to 20 million Africans were taken as slaves, by European traders, to work on the new plantations in America. The journey across the Atlantic was extremely hazardous and led to millions of deaths.

In the box below, briefly describe the journey of a slave on board one of the slave ships. Describe what dangers they would have faced. (2 marks)

File written by Adobe Photoshop® 5.0

58. In the French Revolution of 1789, the people of France overthrew the monarchy and set up a Republic.

What were the three revolutionary ideals of the new government?

_________________

_________________
_________________

59. Despite its good intentions, by 1793, the Revolution had descended into violence and chaos. Led by Robespierre and Danton, the new government began a ‘reign of terror’, resulting in the execution of the King and Queen and thousands of others.

What happened to Danton when he called for an end to the terror? _______________

What happened to Robespierre and all his followers 3 months later? ______________

60. In 1861 America went to war against itself in the American Civil War.

Which two sides fought each other and why? (2 marks)

61. Which side won the war and what was abolished as a result?

_________________________ ___________________________________

62. Which group of people successfully protested for women’s right to vote, and in what year were women finally allowed to vote in this country?

______________________________

Year ____________

63. When did the Second World War begin and end?

_________________________________

64. Complete the following sentence.

The Cold War was a battle of ideas, fought mostly in poor, developing countries, between two superpowers, ______________________ and _____________________.

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