New Forest Small School Nature Studies Exam

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Each correct answer is worth 1 mark out of a total of 100, unless stated otherwise.

1. Briefly describe, in the box below, how ‘fold’ mountains are created. (3 marks)

2. ‘Block’ mountains are formed when…(place a cross by the correct answer)
a. The Earth was first created
b. Humans lay down lots of blocks
c. Huge blocks of rock are lifted along faults in the plate beneath
d. Continents collide

3. Briefly describe, in the box below, how ‘dome’ mountains are created. (3 marks)

4. What is the name of the world’s tallest mountain?…………………………………..

5. What is the name of the world’s longest mountain range?…………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. What is the name of the tallest mountain in Europe?………………………………...

7. Name the mountain range and continent pictured below……………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….

8. True or False? The world’s deserts are all getting smaller…………………………...

9. Name the world’s largest desert……………………………………………………..

10. If you are staying in the desert why will you need to bring warm clothes?………...
…………………………………………………………………………………………..

12. Label the picture below using the following terms (4 marks) –
a. Mouth of the River
b. Estuary
c. Flood Plain
d. Tributaries (can be more than 1)

13. What is the name given to the ‘bending’ of a river?………………………………..

14. Name the world’s longest river and the continent it flows through. (2 marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………..

15. Why do rivers sometimes flood? (place a cross by the correct answer)
a. Rivers flood when the tide comes in from the sea
b. Rivers flood after a huge downpour of rain
c. Rivers flood when there is a full moon
d. Rivers flood when humans pour too much water into them

16. Where are the world’s largest rainforests?………………………………………….

17. Briefly describe, in the box below, why the rainforests play a vital role in keeping the air we breathe clean. (3 marks)

18. In the last 50 years humans have destroyed…(place a cross by the correct answer)
a. 0.1% of the rainforests
b. 99.9% of the rainforests
c. Humans have planted more trees than they have cut down.
d. 50% of the rainforests

20. Name 3 actions we can take as individuals to help slow down the destruction of the rainforests. (2 marks)

22. Place a cross by the statements that you think are true. (2 marks)
a. Acid rain comes mostly from human activities (90%), but it also partly comes from natural sources (10%)
b. Acid rain is totally harmless – in fact it is very good for the planet
c. When acid rain falls repeatedly it can kill plants and animals
d. Acid rain is easily seen because it is bright pink and green in colour
e. When acid rain falls in cities it can decay buildings
f. When acid rain falls it can go straight through solid steel

24. If you were to make a soil ‘cake’ what are 6 of the main ingredients that you would need? (3 marks)

25. When we add chemicals such as pesticides to our ‘soil cake’ what happens? (Place a cross by the correct answer)
a. It helps to preserve the soil
b. It adds a nice, spicy flavour to the soil
c. It has no effect whatsoever
d. It can destroy the nutrients (plant food) in the soil

26. Briefly describe, in the box below, what is meant by ‘soil erosion’. (2 marks)

27. Which of the following can cause soil erosion? (Clue – it is much more than 1 of them) – (3 marks)
a. Rivers
b. The Sea
c. Snow
d. The Wind
e. Worms
f. The Moon
g. Deforestation
h. Intensive farming
i. Rain
j. Bird droppings

28. Far beneath the soil there lie giant slabs of rock, which are constantly on the move. What is the name given to these slabs of rock?………………………………….

29. What happens when two of these slabs of rock rub up against each other?………
…………………………………………………………………………………………..

30. Below is a picture of the Water Cycle. Write in the names of the 4 main processes of this cycle using the key below – A, B, C and D. (4 marks)

31. True or False? All the water on our planet was first created about 10 billion years ago.

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32. Like all the elements and compounds on our planet, water can exist in 3 different states – solid, liquid and gas. Fill in the missing words in the sentences below. (2 marks)
a. To change from a solid into a liquid water must ………………………………
b. To change from a liquid into a solid water must……………………………….
c. Water is……………………….when it changes from liquid to gas
d. Water is……………………….when it changes from gas to liquid

33. What percentage of the Earth’s surface is made up of water?……………………...

34. Why is the sky blue? (Place a cross by the correct answer)
a. The sky is blue because as the sun’s rays enter our atmosphere they are scattered by dust in the air. The nitrogen and oxygen in the air pick up the blue wavelength in the light.
b. The sky is blue because as the sun’s rays enter clouds the water inside turns the sky blue.
c. The sky is blue because it is the reflection of the blue sea.
d. The sky is blue because blue is a calming colour and it makes people and animals less stressed.

35. Like water, carbon is a vital element to all life, and like water it too has a cycle, called the Carbon Cycle. In the box below name 1 natural and 1 human process whereby carbon dioxide is released into the air. (2 marks)

36. Describe in the box below what happens to our planet when there is too much carbon dioxide in the air? (2 marks)

37. What is the name given to this process?…………………………………………….

38. In the box below draw a picture of a flower and clearly label all the different parts using arrows. (5 marks)

39. Plants absorb carbon dioxide through their leaves and water through their roots. The plant then must turn the carbon dioxide and water into food. The plant needs energy to do this. From where does the plant get this energy and what is this whole process called? (2 marks)

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40. What is the name of the tiny green cells inside the plant’s leaves?………………
………………………………………………………………………………………..

41. There are 6 different groups of animals. We are mammals. In the box below, name the other 5 types and give an example of a particular animal – for example, Mammal - Human. (5 marks)

42. What is the name given to animals that sleep in the daytime and are awake at night?

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43. What is the name of the process whereby animals and plants change over thousands of years due to the changing environment in which they live? For example, the human ape has changed from Australopithecus to Homo-Sapiens over 5 million years.

44. Label the map of the world below with the following landmarks (12 marks) –

EUROPE .....ASIA ......AFRICA ......AUSTRALASIA .....NORTH AMERICA ......SOUTH AMERICA ANTARTICA .....PACIFIC OCEAN .....ARCTIC OCEAN .....ATLANTIC OCEAN .....INDIAN OCEAN..... HIMILAYAS ......THE ALPS .....ANDES .....ROCKYS ......SAHARA DESERT .....KALAHARI DESERT..... GOBI DESERT .....MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE .....BRAZILIAN RAINFORESTS .....RIVER NILE .....RIVER AMAZON .....RIVER THAMES .....LAKE VICTORIA

BRITAIN .....FRANCE .....GERMANY ......POLAND ......HOLLAND .....SPAIN .....PORTUGAL .....GREECE .....ICELAND .....ITALY .....NORWAY

.....SWEDEN .....FINLAND ......RUSSIA .....UKRAINE .....TURKEY .....AUSTRIA .....DENMARK

.....ROMANIA .....HUNGARY .....SWITZERLAND .....BELGIUM .....IRELAND .....CZECH REPUBLIC